Traditionally, Chinese family life was very strict, structured and patriarchal. In the post Maoist China, family life has moved toward a more typically Western, nuclear style. Life is less restrictive for all members of the family. Despite these changes, modern Chinese families still retain some traditional values such as respect and helpfulness for elders.
Family Structure
There are four typical family structures in China. These are the nuclear, linear, joint and other. Nuclear families consist of either the couple and their child(ren) or simply the couple. Linear families are comprised of the parents along with their grown children who care for them. Joint families are couples living with their parents and in laws. Other types include single persons, one parent and others.
Changes from the Past
Changes in family structure have occurred in modern China, specifically in the era following the Maoist regime. Nuclear families have become more common. This is due to modernization as well as other social factors.
Children
In 1979, China implemented the policy of one child per family. The rationale for this was that a too-large population would hinder progress as well as put a strain on public services. It should be noted that this limit is not absolute. In rural areas, if a couple's first child is a girl, they are allowed to have another child due to male children being favored.
Impacts of Changes
With the nuclear structure and lower number of children, family life has changed considerably. Parents have more time to spend raising their children as they are not caring for older relatives. Also, while Chinese society in general does not have the gender equality of the West, men and women in families are much more equal than in the past, particularly in the cities.
General
Though children are still expected to be obedient to their elders, modern Chinese children enjoy greater freedom than in the past. Parents expect that children will excel in school, but are more lenient with allowing children to choose careers, leisure activities and romantic partners.
